Italy

Italy is strategically located in Southern Europe, projecting into the Mediterranean Sea and acting as a natural bridge between Europe, Africa, and Asia. This central position, combined with its varied geography—from the Alps in the north to the coastal and island landscapes in the south—creates a wide range of habitats and climates.

As a result, Italy is one of the most biodiverse countries in Europe, hosting around 50% of Europe’s plant species and 30% of its animal species. Its ecosystems include alpine forests, Mediterranean scrublands, wetlands, volcanic zones, and marine environments. Many species are endemic, found only in Italy, especially on islands like Sicily and Sardinia.

The richness of Italy’s biodiversity is protected through numerous national parks, nature reserves, and marine protected areas, making it a key country for European and global conservation efforts.